Essentials of Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders
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Essentials of Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders
A Primer For Graduate Students
; ; ; ; ;
Springer International Publishing AG
12/2016
656
Dura
Inglês
9783319245492
15 a 20 dias
1466
Descrição não disponível.
1. INTRODUCTION 2. BRIEF HISTORICAL NOTE 2.1.A brief history of the cerebellum 2.2. The Contributions of Gordon Holmes and Olof Larsell 3. ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE CEREBELLUM 3.1 Gross anatomy of the cerebellum 3.2 Vascular supply and territories of the cerebellum 3.3 The olivocerebellar tract 3.4 Pre-cerebellar nuclei 3.5 Vestibular nuclei and their cerebellar connections 3.6 Spinocerebellar and cerebellospinal pathways 3.7 Visual circuits 3.8 Connectional anatomy of the cerebrocerebellar system 3.9 Cerebello-cerebral feedback projections 4. EMBRYOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CEREBELLUM 4.1 Cerebellar neurogenesis 4.2 Zones and stripes 4.3 Specification of cerebellar neurons 4.4 Cerebellar nuclei development 4.5 Development of glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses 4.6 Synaptogenesis and synapse elimination in developing cerebellum 4.7 Cerebellar epigenetics: Transcription of microRNAs in Purkinje cells 5. CEREBELLAR CIRCUITS: BIOCHEMISTRY, NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROMODULATION 5.1. granule cells and parallel fibers 5.2. Purkinje neurons 5.3. Stellate cells 5.4. Basket cells 5.5. Golgi neurons 5.6. Lugaro cells 5.7. Unipolar brush cells 5.8. Glial cells 5.9. GABA pathways and receptors 5.10. Glutamatergic pathways and receptors 5.11. Norepinephrine< 5.12. Serotonin 5.13. Nitric oxide 5.14. Cannabinoids 5.15. Purinergic signaling 5.16. Neuropeptides 5.17. Neurosteroids 5.18. Cerebellar networks 5.19. Distributed Plasticity 6. BASIC PHYSIOLOGY 6.1. Oscillation in the Inferior Olive neurons: Functional Implication 6.2. Simple spikes and complex spikes 6.3. Rebound Depolarization and Potentiation 6.4. Cerebellar Nuclei 6.5. Plasticity of cerebellum 6.6. Physiology of Olivo-Cerebellar Loops 6.7. Long-term depression at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses 6.8. Regulation of Calcium in the Cerebellum 7. NEUROIMAGING OF THE CEREBELLUM 7.1.Cerebellar closed loops 7.2.MRI aspects 7.3.SPECT and PET 7.4.Spectroscopy 7.5.Functional topography 8.FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF THE CEREBELLUM 8.1.Cerebrocerebellar networks 8.2.Clinical functional topography in cognition 8.3. Sequencing 8.4. Speech and language 9.CELLULAR AND ANIMAL MODELS OF CEREBELLAR DISORDERS 9.1 The zebrafish cerebellum 9.2 The teleost fish 9.3 Lurcher mouse 9.4 The tottering mouse 9.5 The rolling Nagoya mouse 9.6 The ataxic Syrian hamster 9.7 Lesions of the cerebellum 9.8 Staggerer mouse 10.HUMAN CEREBELLAR SYMPTOMS: FROM MOVEMENT TO COGNITION 10.1.Oculomotor disorders 10.2.Speech deficits 10.3.Deficits of limb movements 10.4.Lesion-symptom mapping 10.5.The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome 10.6.Clinical scales of ataxias 11.HUMAN CEREBELLAR DISORDERS: FROM PRENATAL PERIOD TO ELDERLY 11.1.Differential diagnosis based on age 11.2.Pediatric ataxias - Overview 11.3.Autism spectrum disorders 11.4.Autosomal recessive ataxias 11.5.X-linked ataxias 11.6.Imaging of cerebellar malformations 11.7.Cerebellar stroke 11.8.Immune diseases 11.9.Paraneoplastic ataxias 11.10.Essential tremor 11.11.Toxic agents 11.12. Endocrine disorders 12.THERAPIES OF CEREBELLAR ATAXIAS 12.1.Drugs in selected ataxias 12.2.Cerebellostimulation 12.3.Rehabilitation INDEX
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Cerebellum;Ataxias;Brain;Cerebellar cortex;Cerebellar nuclei
1. INTRODUCTION 2. BRIEF HISTORICAL NOTE 2.1.A brief history of the cerebellum 2.2. The Contributions of Gordon Holmes and Olof Larsell 3. ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE CEREBELLUM 3.1 Gross anatomy of the cerebellum 3.2 Vascular supply and territories of the cerebellum 3.3 The olivocerebellar tract 3.4 Pre-cerebellar nuclei 3.5 Vestibular nuclei and their cerebellar connections 3.6 Spinocerebellar and cerebellospinal pathways 3.7 Visual circuits 3.8 Connectional anatomy of the cerebrocerebellar system 3.9 Cerebello-cerebral feedback projections 4. EMBRYOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CEREBELLUM 4.1 Cerebellar neurogenesis 4.2 Zones and stripes 4.3 Specification of cerebellar neurons 4.4 Cerebellar nuclei development 4.5 Development of glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses 4.6 Synaptogenesis and synapse elimination in developing cerebellum 4.7 Cerebellar epigenetics: Transcription of microRNAs in Purkinje cells 5. CEREBELLAR CIRCUITS: BIOCHEMISTRY, NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROMODULATION 5.1. granule cells and parallel fibers 5.2. Purkinje neurons 5.3. Stellate cells 5.4. Basket cells 5.5. Golgi neurons 5.6. Lugaro cells 5.7. Unipolar brush cells 5.8. Glial cells 5.9. GABA pathways and receptors 5.10. Glutamatergic pathways and receptors 5.11. Norepinephrine< 5.12. Serotonin 5.13. Nitric oxide 5.14. Cannabinoids 5.15. Purinergic signaling 5.16. Neuropeptides 5.17. Neurosteroids 5.18. Cerebellar networks 5.19. Distributed Plasticity 6. BASIC PHYSIOLOGY 6.1. Oscillation in the Inferior Olive neurons: Functional Implication 6.2. Simple spikes and complex spikes 6.3. Rebound Depolarization and Potentiation 6.4. Cerebellar Nuclei 6.5. Plasticity of cerebellum 6.6. Physiology of Olivo-Cerebellar Loops 6.7. Long-term depression at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses 6.8. Regulation of Calcium in the Cerebellum 7. NEUROIMAGING OF THE CEREBELLUM 7.1.Cerebellar closed loops 7.2.MRI aspects 7.3.SPECT and PET 7.4.Spectroscopy 7.5.Functional topography 8.FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF THE CEREBELLUM 8.1.Cerebrocerebellar networks 8.2.Clinical functional topography in cognition 8.3. Sequencing 8.4. Speech and language 9.CELLULAR AND ANIMAL MODELS OF CEREBELLAR DISORDERS 9.1 The zebrafish cerebellum 9.2 The teleost fish 9.3 Lurcher mouse 9.4 The tottering mouse 9.5 The rolling Nagoya mouse 9.6 The ataxic Syrian hamster 9.7 Lesions of the cerebellum 9.8 Staggerer mouse 10.HUMAN CEREBELLAR SYMPTOMS: FROM MOVEMENT TO COGNITION 10.1.Oculomotor disorders 10.2.Speech deficits 10.3.Deficits of limb movements 10.4.Lesion-symptom mapping 10.5.The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome 10.6.Clinical scales of ataxias 11.HUMAN CEREBELLAR DISORDERS: FROM PRENATAL PERIOD TO ELDERLY 11.1.Differential diagnosis based on age 11.2.Pediatric ataxias - Overview 11.3.Autism spectrum disorders 11.4.Autosomal recessive ataxias 11.5.X-linked ataxias 11.6.Imaging of cerebellar malformations 11.7.Cerebellar stroke 11.8.Immune diseases 11.9.Paraneoplastic ataxias 11.10.Essential tremor 11.11.Toxic agents 11.12. Endocrine disorders 12.THERAPIES OF CEREBELLAR ATAXIAS 12.1.Drugs in selected ataxias 12.2.Cerebellostimulation 12.3.Rehabilitation INDEX
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